Cancer is multidimensional - Cancer predisposition results from a combination of aging, genetic factors, environmental exposures, and lifestyle choices. The most significant risk factor is aging, particularly over age 55, while tobacco use is the leading preventable cause. Other major factors include family history, obesity, alcohol consumption, and UV radiation.

Cancer begins when genetic mutations alter normal cells, causing them to grow uncontrollably, ignore death signals, and form tumors. These mutations interfere with instructions that govern cell division, allowing damaged cells to proliferate rather than die.

What causes cell mutation? A cascade of events?:  

Mutation: A mistake occurs in the DNA within the nucleus of a single cell or a small group of cells.   Uncontrolled Growth: These mutated cells ignore signals to stop dividing, creating a mass (a tumor).  Immune Evasion: Cancer cells learn to hide from the immune system, which normally destroys abnormal cells.  Progression: As errors accumulate, the cells become more aggressive, multiplying faster and refusing to die.  5. Metastasis: Cells may break away from the original (primary) tumor and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymph system.